Introduction to Refrigeration Systems : Basic Air Conditioning System

 

  • System Details:
    • Type: Low efficiency, minimum efficiency of 13 SEER
    • Components: Tubing representing condensing and evaporator coils, fixed orifice metering device
    • Refrigerant: R22
    • Conditions: Outdoor 95°F, Indoor 75°F
    • Superheat and Subcooling: 10°F each (example-specific)

Evaporator Side:

  • Metering Device Output: 69 PSIG, 40°F refrigerant
  • Evaporation Process:
    • Begins immediately after the metering device in the evaporator coil
    • Warm air (75°F) blows across the coil
    • Refrigerant changes from liquid to vapor as it travels down the coil
    • Fully evaporated at the bottom of the evaporator
    • Superheat: Additional 10°F in the last pass of the evaporator (evaporator superheat)

Compressor Superheat:

  • Total Superheat: Includes any superheat added through the suction line
  • Traveling Conditions:
    • Refrigerant may travel through warmer environments
    • Total superheat can reach 20°F before entering the compressor
  • Compressor Entry:
    • 69 PSIG, 40°F saturation temperature
    • 60°F actual temperature (20°F of total superheat)
    • Refrigerant must be in vapor state to avoid compressor damage

Condenser Side:

  • Condensing Process:
    • Refrigerant leaves the compressor as a superheated vapor (175°F)
    • Desuperheating: Cooled down to 125°F before condensing begins
    • Condensation starts at the top of the coil and completes just before the last pass
    • Subcooling: 125°F liquid refrigerant further cooled to 115°F by 95°F air (10°F subcooling)
  • Cycle Restart: Subcooled refrigerant moves to the metering device

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