Introduction to Exhaust Fans : Impellers and Blades

 Impellers and Blades:

  • Blades create wind when the motor rotates.

  • Centrifugal and axial fans detailed by the wheel/impeller chosen.

Centrifugal Blowers:

  • Blade Angles:

    • Backwards, forwards, or radial pitches.

  • Performance:

    • More blades than axial fans increase performance.

  • Airflow:

    • Air flows into the wheel and is expelled powerfully.

Impeller Types and Applications:

  • Forward Pitch Impellers:

    • Medium pressure, high airflow.

    • Efficient but sensitive to dirt and particles.

    • Used in clean air ventilation and exhaust areas.

  • Backward Pitch Impellers:

    • High pressure, high airflow.

    • Efficient, resistant to dirt, heat, and abrasion.

    • Used in heat recovery and extract ventilation systems.

  • Radial Impellers:

    • High pressure, medium airflow.

    • Handles dust, gas, and moisture.

    • Simplest and least efficient.

    • Used in dirty environments.

Axial Fan Blades:

  • Blade count ranges from 2 to 20, based on design and requirements.

  • Mounted on a shaft running through the center.

  • Air moves through in a straight line.

  • Types of Blades:

    • Propeller Blades:

      • Common in desk and ceiling fans.

      • Simple, runs at low speeds and moderate temperatures.

    • Tube Axial Blades:

      • Propeller mounted inside a tube for higher pressure and efficiency.

      • Used in general ventilation applications.

    • Van Axial Blades:

      • Tube axial with added veins for directed airflow and improved efficiency.

      • Moves high volumes of air with medium to high pressure.

      • Used in commercial and industrial applications.

Energy Efficiency:

  • Axial fans consume less power than centrifugal fans.


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